Such a test may be required to establish a lineage going back to grandparents. This is called “grandparentage” testing. Often, this kind of testing is used in conjunction with parental testing to further establish the relationship of a child to a particular family.
A direct paternity test is always the best option to determine a biological relationship between a child and alleged father. In instances where the alleged father is unavailable or unwilling to participate in DNA testing, a grandparentage test is another option to consider.